@prefix ns1: .
@prefix ns2: .
@prefix ns3: .
@prefix ns4: .
@prefix ns5: .
@prefix ns6: .
@prefix rdf: .
@prefix ns7: .
@prefix ns8: .
@prefix schema: .
@prefix ns9: .
ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T a ns2:Style ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT, ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBV ;
schema:alternateName "MMA"@en ;
schema:description "Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport that combines striking and grappling technique from multiple disciplines - including Brazilian jiu-jitsu, wrestling, Muay Thai and boxing - under a single, codified ruleset. It emerged from early no-holds-barred contests in the 1990s and is regulated today under the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts. Unlike those component arts, MMA has no rank or belt system of its own; practitioners typically train and grade in one or more of them separately."@en ;
schema:keywords "mma", "hybrid", "mixed-martial-arts", "sport" ;
schema:name "Mixed Martial Arts"@en ;
schema:sameAs ;
ns2:confersRank false ;
ns2:foundedEvent _:b9257 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9262, _:b9261 ;
ns2:hasStyleRelationAssertion _:b9290, _:b9287, _:b9283, _:b9279, _:b9276, _:b9273, _:b9270, _:b9267, _:b9263 ;
ns2:styleForm ns3:sport, ns3:hybrid ;
ns2:styleType .
_:b9290 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9291 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9292 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KYDKY8XR1HY4G4NQW7P8M1XC ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:influenced_by ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9292 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "Japan had its own form of mixed martial arts discipline, Shooto, which evolved from shoot wrestling in 1985, as well as the shoot wrestling derivative Pancrase, which was founded as a promotion in 1993." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9291 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "2"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Shooto (1985) prefigured the modern sport and its ruleset lineage rather than being absorbed as MMA curriculum, and is not itself subordinate to MMA the way a gym's BJJ class is - it retains its own founder, organisation and identity. influenced_by pending further sourcing; a case could be made for the reverse edge (Shooto variant_of MMA) if Shooto's post-1990s identity turns out to be that of an MMA ruleset/promotion rather than an independent style - left for a future pass on Shooto.yaml, not decided here." .
_:b9287 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9288 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9289 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KYEY02EJDAF10TC75D1V8DX0 ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:derived_from ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9289 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "MMA gyms serve as specialized training centers where fighters develop their skills across various martial arts disciplines, such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, wrestling, Muay Thai, and boxing." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9288 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "3"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails: Muay Thai rank/kru status is earned in Muay Thai's own gyms, not conferred by MMA. Curriculum test: Muay Thai striking (clinch, knees, low kicks) is named as a standard MMA gym discipline and forms the bulk of MMA's stand-up striking syllabus - derived_from." .
_:b9283 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9284 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9286, _:b9285 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KJJAWN29MA64W22606R3WD9S ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:influenced_by ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9286 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "Practitioners of striking based arts such as boxing, kickboxing, and karate, who were unfamiliar with submission grappling, proved to be unprepared to deal with its submission techniques." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9285 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
schema:citation "Lyoto Machida (Wikipedia EN)" ;
schema:url ns9:Lyoto_Machida ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "His style is based mainly on tactics using Shotokan karate and Brazilian jiu-jitsu, but also integrates techniques from wrestling and sumo." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9284 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "2"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails as with every component here. Curriculum test: unlike BJJ/wrestling/Muay Thai/boxing, no source names karate as a discipline MMA gyms teach as a matter of course - it enters through individual fighters' prior backgrounds (Lyoto Machida's Shotokan base being the clearest case) and through early competitors described as unprepared strikers, not through an MMA curriculum - influenced_by, not derived_from." .
_:b9279 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9280 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9282, _:b9281 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KJJAWN29MA64W22606R3WD9J ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:derived_from ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9282 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "In the early 1990s, practitioners of grappling based styles such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu dominated competition in the United States." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9281 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "MMA gyms serve as specialized training centers where fighters develop their skills across various martial arts disciplines, such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, wrestling, Muay Thai, and boxing." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9280 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "3"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance test fails - training MMA does not make one a BJJ practitioner, since BJJ rank is pursued in a separate, independently graded programme - so this is not variant_of. Curriculum test: BJJ ground technique is named, alongside wrestling, Muay Thai and boxing, as one of the disciplines MMA gyms train fighters in as a matter of course, and BJJ practitioners dominated early MMA competition specifically because of that technique - a syllabus relationship, not an individual fighter's prior background, so derived_from rather than influenced_by." .
_:b9276 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9277 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9278 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KYJ39BQPQ7JTTDQ3B36PZQQN ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:derived_from ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9278 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "MMA gyms serve as specialized training centers where fighters develop their skills across various martial arts disciplines, such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, wrestling, Muay Thai, and boxing." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9277 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "3"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails for the same reason as BJJ: wrestling rank/credentials (scholastic, collegiate, freestyle) are pursued in wrestling's own programmes, not granted by MMA. Curriculum test: wrestling is named as a standard MMA gym discipline and takedown technique is core, everyday MMA curriculum, not an occasional imported background - derived_from." .
_:b9273 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9274 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9275 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KYEWRMWERM1HW12W53HE9G4A ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:influenced_by ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9275 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "In turn, catch wrestling went on to greatly influence modern MMA." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9274 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "2"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails as with every component here. Curriculum test: catch wrestling is not itself a discipline MMA gyms teach by that name today - it reaches modern MMA indirectly, via the submission-wrestling and shoot-wrestling lineages it fed into (Shooto among them), rather than as MMA's own direct syllabus, which is why this is influenced_by and not derived_from despite the source's own strong wording. Contrast Shooto.yaml, where Catch Wrestling is a direct derived_from edge - that reflects Shooto's own formation, not MMA's." .
_:b9270 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9271 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9272 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KYHTJXCXHYSC519CB367XXZK ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:influenced_by ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9272 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
schema:citation "Anderson Silva (Wikipedia EN)" ;
schema:url ns9:Anderson_Silva ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "As a teen, Silva began training in taekwondo, capoeira and muay thai." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9271 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "2"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails as with every component here. Curriculum test: no source names taekwondo as a discipline MMA gyms teach; it enters through individual fighters' prior backgrounds (Anderson Silva's taekwondo dan, earned as a teenager before his MMA career, being the clearest case) - influenced_by, not derived_from." .
_:b9267 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9268 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9269 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KJJAWN29MA64W22606R3WD9N ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:derived_from ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9269 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "MMA gyms serve as specialized training centers where fighters develop their skills across various martial arts disciplines, such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, wrestling, Muay Thai, and boxing." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9268 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "3"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails: boxing records/rank sit entirely within boxing's own sport, not MMA. Curriculum test: boxing hands are named as a standard MMA gym discipline and are the near-universal basis of MMA punching technique - derived_from." .
_:b9263 a ns2:StyleRelationAssertion ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:hasConfidence _:b9264 ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9266, _:b9265 ;
ns2:object ns1:01KJJAWN29MA64W22606R3WD9H ;
ns2:styleRelationType ns4:influenced_by ;
ns2:subject ns1:01KYSS3B587WR241FHHW19X24T .
_:b9266 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
schema:citation "Fedor Emelianenko (Wikipedia EN)" ;
schema:url ns9:Fedor_Emelianenko ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "Merited Master of Sport and 1st Razryad Grand Master in Sambo" ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9265 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "Sambo, a martial art and combat sport developed in Russia in the early 1920s, merged various forms of combat styles such as wrestling, judo and striking into one unique martial art." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9264 a ns2:Confidence ;
ns8:wasAttributedTo ns7:FSM ;
ns2:assessedBy ns7:FSM ;
ns2:confidenceLevel "2"^^ ;
ns2:confidenceRationale "Practitioner-inheritance fails as with every component here. Curriculum test: no source names sambo as a discipline MMA gyms teach; it enters through individual fighters' prior sambo rank/background (the Russian combat-sambo lineage, e.g. Fedor Emelianenko's) rather than as MMA's own syllabus - influenced_by." .
_:b9262 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBV ;
ns2:coversProperty ns2:confersRank ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "On July 30, 2009, a motion was made at the annual meeting of the Association of Boxing Commissions to adopt these rules as the \"Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts\". The motion passed unanimously." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9261 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBT ;
ns2:coversProperty schema:description, ns2:foundedEvent, ns2:styleType, ns2:hasStyleRelationAssertion, schema:name ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "Mixed martial arts (MMA) is a full-contact combat sport based on striking and grappling, incorporating techniques from various combat sports from around the world." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9257 a ns2:LifeEvent ;
ns8:wasDerivedFrom ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBV ;
schema:location _:b9258 ;
schema:startDate "2000" ;
ns2:earliestYear "2000"^^ ;
ns2:hasEvidence _:b9260, _:b9259 ;
ns2:latestYear "2000"^^ .
_:b9260 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBV ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:high ;
ns2:quotation "The New Jersey State Athletic Control Board (NJSACB) began allowing MMA promoters to conduct events in September 2000." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9259 a ns2:SourceAssertionRelation ;
ns2:basedOnSource ns1:01KYSS3B598HGA8MCM8MHRMCBV ;
ns2:evidenceWeight ns6:medium ;
ns2:quotation "On July 30, 2009, a motion was made at the annual meeting of the Association of Boxing Commissions to adopt these rules as the \"Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts\". The motion passed unanimously." ;
ns2:sourceRefType ns5:secondary ;
ns2:supports true .
_:b9258 schema:addressCountry .