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  • Kawaishi Mikinosuke

    川石 酒造之助
    Japan
    b. 1899-08-13, HimejiBorn 1899-08-13, Himeji
    d. 1969-01-30, ParisDied 1969-01-30, Paris
    id_cardfamily_historyconversion_path
    star46.2 · Notable

    Description

    Mikinosuke Kawaishi (川石 酒造之助, Kawaishi Mikinosuke, born 13 August 1899 – 30 January 1969) was a Japanese master of jujutsu and judo who achieved the rank of 7th Dan. He led the development of Judo in France, with Shozo Awazu, and much of Europe and is credited with introducing the colored belt system for differentiating early grades. However, written accounts from the archives of London's Budokwai judo club, founded in 1918, record the use of colored judo belts at the 1926 9th annual Budokwai Display, and a list of ranked colored judokas appears in the Budokwai Committee Minutes of June 1927. Kawaishi visited London and the Budokwai in 1928, and was probably inspired to bring the colored belt system to France. The Fédération Française posthumously awarded him 10th Dan in judo and jujutsu.

    Teachers (2)

    • Takahashi Kazuyoshi
      sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō Probable
      Probable
      According to Kawaishi Norikazu, eldest son of Kawaishi Mikinosuke, his father identified Takahashi as one of his teachers at Waseda University
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      location_onWaseda University badge
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      According to Kawaishi Norikazu, eldest son of Kawaishi Mikinosuke, his father identified Takahashi as one of his teachers at Waseda University
      “According to Kawaishi Norikazu15, eldest son of Kawaishi Mikinosuke, the teachers identified by his father as those from whom his father had learnt jūdō at Waseda University were Takahashi and Miyakawa.”
      — Kodokan Judo's Three Orphaned Forms of Counter Techniques - Part 1: The Gonosen-no-kata (ResearchGate)link
    • person
      Miyakawa Ikkan
      sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō Probable
      Probable
      According to Kawaishi Norikazu, eldest son of Kawaishi Mikinosuke, his father identified Miyakawa as one of his teachers at Waseda University
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      location_onWaseda University badge
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      According to Kawaishi Norikazu, eldest son of Kawaishi Mikinosuke, his father identified Miyakawa as one of his teachers at Waseda University
      “According to Kawaishi Norikazu15, eldest son of Kawaishi Mikinosuke, the teachers identified by his father as those from whom his father had learnt jūdō at Waseda University were Takahashi and Miyakawa.”
      — Kodokan Judo's Three Orphaned Forms of Counter Techniques - Part 1: The Gonosen-no-kata (ResearchGate)link

    Lineage

    • Kōdōkan JūdōTakahashi Kazuyoshi ← Yokoyama Sakujiro ← Kanō Jigorō · 3 generations

    Ranks (2)

    • sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō
      military_tech7 dan Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Independent sources state it, including Feldenkrais in 1952.
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      Dan-Kyu System
      granted by Kodokan
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Independent sources state it, including Feldenkrais in 1952.
      “His system of Judo is fully described in his book My Method of Judo written when he was a 7th dan and published in English in 1955”
      — Tony Papenfuss. Mikonosuke Kawaishi: Judo Teacher in Europelinkhistory info
      visibilityFirst-hand
      “I wish to express my gratitude to my friend and teacher of many years, Mr. Mikinosuke Kawaishi, 7th Dan.”
      — Moshe Feldenkrais; Elizabeth Beringer. (2010). Higher Judo: Groundworkinfo
      military_tech10 dan Probable
      Probable
      Posthumously awarded 10th dan by the French Judo Federation (FFJDA)
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      Dan-Kyu System
      granted by French Judo, Jiu-Jitsu, Kendo and Associated Disciplines Federation
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Posthumously awarded 10th dan by the French Judo Federation (FFJDA)
      “Several years after his death, the French Jūdō Federation, in recognition of his achievements and out of gratitude for his contributions to the sport, bestowed on him the highest rank of tenth dan.”
      — The Seeds of Jūdō in France: Kawaishi Mikinosuke's Enduring Legacylink history info

    Offices held (1)

    • corporate_fareTechnical Director (Directeur technique)French Judo and Jiu-Jitsu Federation Confirmed
      Confirmed
      A regional history names him the federation's technical director; a thesis states he took back the lead of French judo in 1948.
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      1948
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      4 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      A regional history names him the federation's technical director; a thesis states he took back the lead of French judo in 1948.
      alt_routeIndirect
      “De retour en France en 1948, Mikinosuke Kawaishi, aidé par Shozo Awazu, va reprendre l'enseignement de sa méthode.”
      — Wikipedia contributors. (2026). Mikinosuke Kawaishi. Wikipedia (French)link history info
      alt_routeIndirect
      “Durant l'absence de Kawaishi, Beaujean et de Herdt assurent l'intérim et dirigent le judo français.”
      — Michel Brousse. (2018). Compte-rendu de lecture - Livre sur Jean de Herdt - Michel Brousselink history info
      “Les archives fédérales montrent que sont également sollicités les avis du directeur technique, Kawaishi, du président de la FFJJJ, Paul Bonét-Maury”
      — Michel Brousse; Jean-Pierre Augustin; Jean-Paul Callède. (1995). L'implantation du judo dans le grand Sud-Ouestlink info
      alt_routeIndirect
      “En 1948, le Maître Kawaishi revint en France. Il reprit les rênes du judo mais les choses avaient changé.”
      — Martin, Grégory. (2011). Essai sur les territoires du judo en Francelink history info

    Students (5)

    • Moshé Feldenkrais
      sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Feldenkrais's own preface to Higher Judo (1952) calls Kawaishi 'my friend and teacher of many years' (primary); four other sources corroborate it.
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      (1936–1940)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      4 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Feldenkrais's own preface to Higher Judo (1952) calls Kawaishi 'my friend and teacher of many years' (primary); four other sources corroborate it.
      “In September 1933, he met Jigoro Kano, the founder of judo in Paris. Kano encouraged him to study judo under Mikinosuke Kawaishi. Feldenkrais became a close friend of Kano and corresponded with him regularly.”
      — Moshé Feldenkrais - Wikipedia (English). Wikipedia (English)link history info
      “Feldenkrais learned Judo from Mikonosuke Kawaishi earning his Shodan in 1936 and a Nidan in 1938.”
      — McPartland, Terence. (2012). Moshe Feldenkrais and Modern Judo: The Strange Forgotten Tale of a Physicist who Learned Judo link history info
      visibilityFirst-hand
      “I wish to express my gratitude to my friend and teacher of many years, Mr. Mikinosuke Kawaishi, 7th Dan.”
      — Moshe Feldenkrais; Elizabeth Beringer. (2010). Higher Judo: Groundworkinfo
      “The Japanese expert was certainly attracted by the rational nature of the explanations given by the engineer. As a result, Feldenkrais became the assistant, the disciple, and friend of Kawaishi.”
      — Moshe Feldenkrais; Elizabeth Beringer. (2010). Higher Judo: Groundworkinfo
    • person
      Fernando Franco de Sarabia
      sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō Probable
      Probable
      Fernando Franco trained with Kawaishi Mikinosuke at a stage in Biarritz (1952) and subsequently traveled frequently to France to study Kawaishi's method; awarded green belt (1952) and brown belt (1953) under Kawaishi.
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      (1952–1953)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Fernando Franco trained with Kawaishi Mikinosuke at a stage in Biarritz (1952) and subsequently traveled frequently to France to study Kawaishi's method; awarded green belt (1952) and brown belt (1953) under Kawaishi.
      “Fernando Franco obtiene el cinturón verde, otorgado por el maestro Kawaishi, uno de los fundadores del judo francés y creador del método que lleva su nombre, en un stage celebrado en Biarriz (1952); para 1953 es ya cinturón marrón.”
      — Fernando Franco de Sarabia Jim (?-1988) link history info
    • person
      Marc Scala
      sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō Probable
      Probable
      Judo Canada's own history only.
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      history_eduTradition only
      Tradition only: every supporting source is the lineage's own account of itself
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Judo Canada's own history only.
      “Marc Scala, who had moved from Paris to Montreal in 1950 and was a disciple of Mikinosuke Kawaishi, took home the coveted championship plaque courtesy of the Japanese embassy.”
      — Leyshon, Glynn A.. (1998). Judoka: The History of Judo in Canadainfo
    • Jean de Herdt
      sports_martial_artsKōdōkan Jūdō Confirmed
      Confirmed
      EcuRed describes Jean de Herdt as a disciple of Mikinosuke Kawaishi, founder of European judo; the 2012 Lyonne.fr press article presents de Herdt as the first pupil of Kawaishi, who met him in 1935 at age 14 and was among the first to obtain the black belt three years later
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      (1935)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      EcuRed describes Jean de Herdt as a disciple of Mikinosuke Kawaishi, founder of European judo; the 2012 Lyonne.fr press article presents de Herdt as the first pupil of Kawaishi, who met him in 1935 at age 14 and was among the first to obtain the black belt three years later
      “En París fue alumno del sensei Jean de Herdt [...] quien a su vez era discípulo de Mikinosuke Kawaishi [...] fundador del judo europeo.”
      — EcuRed contributors. (2026). André Kolychkine Thompsonlink history info
      “Jean de Herdt est le premier élève de Mikinosuke Kawaishi, l'homme qui a implanté le judo en Europe. En 1935, la rencontre entre l'ado et le maître [...] J'avais 14 ans et c'était interdit aux moins de 17 ans [...] Trois ans plus tard, Jean de Herdt est l'un des premiers à obtenir une ceinture noire de judo. Il n'a que 17 ans.”
      — Lyonne.fr (Le Bien Public). (2012). Jean de Herdt, 88 ans, une légende du judo - Lyonne.frlink history info
    • person
      André Nocquet
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Martin states it directly, naming his grade at the time (1st dan).
      “le Judo-Club d'Angoulême, est créé par le Professeur André Nocquet, élève 1er dan de Mikinosuke Kawaishi”
      — Martin, Grégory. (2011). Essai sur les territoires du judo en Francelink history info

    Sources

    visibilityFirst-hand
    DE CRÉE, Carl. Kodokan Judo's three orphaned forms of counter techniques - Part 1: The gonosen-no-kata - Forms of post-attack initiative counter throws. ResearchGate, 2015.link
    visibilityFirst-hand
    Groenen, H. (2013). Aux origines de la méthode française d’enseignement du judo (1936-1967): acculturation, enjeux sportifs internationaux et gaullisme. Social and Education History, 2(3), 235–260.link
    Kawaishi Mikinosuke. JudoInfo.com.link
    川石酒造之助. (2025, October 13). In Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%9D%E7%9F%B3%E9%85%92%E9%80%A0%E4%B9%8B%E5%8A%A9 link history
    visibilityFirst-hand
    “According to oral reports, the only Judo Club existing in the San Diego area prior to World War II was one located upstairs in Taiikukai Hall [...] The first Sensei was Mikonosake Kawaishi (unable to discover his grade at that time) who instructed there for two years (sic).”
    — Holtmann, Al C.. (1970~). History of Judo in San Diego, Californiainfo

    Identifiers

    https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1T3
    Wikidata DBpedia

    Cite and reuse

    CC BY-SA 4.0expand_more
    Plain text
    Muñoz, Frederico (YEAR_PLACEHOLDER). Kawaishi Mikinosuke. In Martialis: Martial Arts Lineage Database. https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1T3 - CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed ACCESSED_DATE_PLACEHOLDER.
    BibTeX
    @incollection{martialis_01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1T3, author = {Muñoz, Frederico}, title = {Kawaishi Mikinosuke}, booktitle = {Martialis: Martial Arts Lineage Database}, year = {YEAR_PLACEHOLDER}, url = {https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1T3}, urldate = {ACCESSED_DATE_PLACEHOLDER}, note = {CC BY-SA 4.0} }
    data_object JSON-LDdata_object Turtle

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