Description
Jigoro Kano (嘉納 治五郎, 10 December 1860 – 4 May 1938[3]) was a Japanese
educator, athlete, and the founder of Judo. Along with Ju-Jutsu, Judo was one of
the first Japanese martial arts to gain widespread international recognition,
and the first to become an official Olympic sport. Pedagogical innovations
attributed to Kanō include the use of black and white belts, and the
introduction of dan ranking to show the relative ranking among members of a
martial art style. Well-known mottoes attributed to Kanō include "good use
of energy" (精力善用 seiryoku zen'yō) and "mutual welfare and
benefit" (自他共栄 jita kyōei).
Teachers (4)
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Fu
Fukuda Hachinosuke
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Well-documented as Kano's first jujutsu teacher in Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū
from 1877-1879, mentioned in multiple historical sources including Wikipedia and
Kano's own writings
"His search brought him to Yagi Teinosuke, who had been a student of Emon
Isomata in the Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū school of jūjutsu. Yagi, in turn, referred
Kanō to Fukuda Hachinosuke, a bonesetter who taught Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū in a
10-mat room adjacent to his practice."
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Is
Iso Masatomo
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Documented as Kano's second teacher in Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū from 1879-1881
after Fukuda's death, with Kano becoming assistant instructor at Iso's
school
"Kanō began studying with Iso, who had been a friend of Fukuda. Despite
being 62 years old and standing only 5 feet (1.52 m) tall, Iso had gained a
powerful build from jūjutsu training. He was known for excellence in kata, and
was also a specialist in atemi, or the striking of vital areas. In Iso's
method, one began with kata and then progressed to free fighting (randori). Due
to Kanō's intense practice and his solid grounding in the jūjutsu taught by
Fukuda, Kanō became an assistant instructor at Iso's school."
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Ii
Iikubo Tsunetoshi
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1 source
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Well-documented as Kano's Kitō-ryū teacher from 1881 onward, who granted
Kano menkyo kaiden and whose teachings heavily influenced judo development
"Kanō began training in Kitō-ryū with Iikubo Tsunetoshi (Kōnen). Iikubo was
an expert in kata and throwing, and fond of randori. Kanō applied himself
thoroughly to learning Kitō-ryū, believing Iikubo's throwing techniques in
particular to be better than in the schools he had previously studied. Iikubo
issued Kanō a formal jūjutsu rank and teaching credential, namely a certificate
of menkyo in Kitō-ryū, dated October 1883."
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Os
Oshima Masateru
(1881)
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1 source
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Mentioned by Kano himself as having practiced Yagyū-ryū bōjutsu with Oshima,
though Kano noted his practice 'had not reached the level of shugyō'
"When I was young, I practiced Yagyū-ryū bōjutsu with a man named Oshima.
As my practice of this discipline had not reached the level of shugyō (NOTE:
dedicated, austere study), usually I do not mention it. However, since then I
thought there was value in bōjutsu shugyō"
— Lance Gatling. (2023). The Kodokan and Bōjutsu (jō)
Staff Fighting and Jūdō. The Kano Chronicleslinkinfo
Ranks (2)
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receipt_longMenkyo Kaiden
3
Menkyo Licence System
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Received menkyo kaiden (total transmission license) in Kitō-ryū from Iikubo
Tsunetoshi
"Kitō-ryū: Menkyo kaiden (total transmission license)"
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receipt_longMenkyo Kaiden
3
Menkyo Licence System
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Received instruction and likely certification in Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū from Iso
Masatomo
"Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū: Instructor (formal rank unclear)"
Students (17)
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Vasili Oshchepkov
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2 sources
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Studied judo under Jigoro Kano at the Kodokan in Tokyo from 1911 to 1917,
becoming the first Russian to earn a black belt in judo, well-documented in
multiple sources including Wikipedia and Kodokan archives
"Oshchepkov spent much of his life living in Japan and training judo under
its founder Kano Jigoro."
— OCA Asia article - Oshchepkov biography
link
"In 1911, Oshchepkov entered the Kodokan judo school in Tokyo, Japan, where
he studied under the founder of judo, Jigoro Kano."
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Yokoyama Sakujiro
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1 source
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Well-documented historical relationship as one of the Four Guardians of Kodokan;
multiple reliable sources confirm Yokoyama was an early disciple of Kano Jigoro
who joined Kodokan in April 1886.
"Yokoyama Sakujirō was one of the earliest disciples of Kanō Jigorō."
— Yokoyama Sakujiro - Wikipedia (English). Wikipedia
(English)linkinfo
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Yamashita Yoshitsugu
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2 sources
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Well-documented student of Jigoro Kano, entered Kodokan in August 1884 as the
19th member, mentioned in multiple reliable sources including Wikipedia and Judo
Channel
"Yoshitsugu Yamashita was the son of an Odawara Han martial arts
instructor, and he entered Kodokan in August of 1884."
— Kodokan hall of fame: Yoshitsugu Yamashita (Judo
Channel)link
"In August 1884, he joined the Kodokan judo dojo of his childhood friend
Kano Jigoro as its nineteenth member"
— Yamashita Yoshitsugu - Wikipedia (English).
Wikipedia (English)linkinfo
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Uchida Ryōhei
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2 sources
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Well-documented favorite student of Kanō Jigorō, one of three most senior 5th
dan holders in Kodokan history
"Miyakawa remained a Gen’yōshamember and became a Kōdōkan top-executive
(Kōdōkan Saikō Kanbu講道館最高幹部) closely associated with Kanō Jigorō, as was Uchida
Ryōhei"
— Kodokan Judo's Three Orphaned Forms of Counter
Techniques - Part 1: The Gonosen-no-kata (ResearchGate)link
"He was also an accomplished jūdōka, a favorite of Kanō shihan 師範 (master),
one of the three most senior 5th dan rank holders in Kodokan history, and a
noted street brawler."
— Lance Gatling. (2023). Ki 気 in Jūdō 柔道 - Uchida
Ryōhei and the Secrets of Budō 武道極意. The Kano Chronicleslinkinfo
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To
Tomita Tsunejirō
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1 source
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First student of Jigoro Kano at Kodokan in 1882, well-documented as the first
person to enroll at the Kodokan and receive shodan rank in 1883
"青年期より講道館創始者の嘉納治五郎と寝食を共にし、同館で最初の入門者・初段位取得者となって"
— Japanese Wikipedia - Tomita Tsunejirōlink
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To
Tomiki Kenji
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Mentioned in several sources.
"Circa 1910, Tomiki began practising at the Kodokan, under Judo founder
Jigoro Kano."
— Kenji Tomiki - Wikipedialink
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Toku Sanpō
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1 source
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Wikipedia lists Kano among Toku's teachers and records his expulsion from
and reinstatement at the Kodokan under Kano's authority
"After being scouted by Kaichiro Samura, he moved to Tokyo and joined the
Kodokan school in May 1906."
— Sanpo Toku - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia (English)
linkinfo
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Sa
Samura Kaichirō
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1 source
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The Wikipedia article records his 1898 Kodokan entry, implying Kano's direct
authority over him
"he joined the Kodokan in 1898 and was awarded his 10th dan in April
1948"
— Kaichiro Samura - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia
(English)linkinfo
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Saigō Shirō
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1 source
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One of Jigoro Kano's earliest students, enrolled at Kodokan in August 1882,
mentioned in Kano's memoirs with quotation about becoming his student
shortly thereafter
"Shortly thereafter, in August 1882, the now famous Shiro Saigo became a
student of mine"
— WATSON, Brian N. Judo memoirs of Jigoro Kano.
Trafford Publishing, 2008link
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Na
Nagaoka Shūichi
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2 sources
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Early student of Kodokan judo under Jigoro Kano, started training at Kodokan in
January 1893 and earned 1st dan in September 1894, as documented in multiple
sources
"In January 1893 he started training at the Kodokan, earning his first dan
in September 1894."
— Shuichi Nagaoka - Wikipedialink
"He came to Tokyo in 1892 and entered Kodokan in January of 1893. He
subsequently taught Judo at the First Higher School, as well as in other schools
in Tokyo."
— Shuichi Nagaoka - Judo Channellink
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Mochizuki Minoru
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4 sources
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Explicitly mentioned in the Dragon Magazine interview as the judo master who
enrolled him at the Kodokan in 1926 and later sent him to study with Ueshiba,
Shimizu and Nakayama; also in Wikipedia as one of his direct students and in the
Karaté-Bushido interview
"Je me suis inscrit au Centre Mondial du Judo de Jigoro Kano sensei en
1926."
— Garnier Sinclair, Eric. (2005). Minoru Mochizuki,
le dernier des géants - entretien en deux parties
info
"1929年（昭和4年）、嘉納治五郎の直接指導を受け始める。"
— 望月稔 - Wikipedia (JA). Wikipedia (Japanese)
linkinfo
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Mifune Kyūzō
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Well-documented direct student of Jigoro Kano at the Kodokan, mentioned in
multiple historical sources
"1903年（明治36年）に上京して講道館に入門。"
— Japanese Wikipedia article on Mifune Kyūzō
link
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Kotani Sumiyuki
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2 sources
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Well-documented as one of Jigoro Kano's last direct students, with multiple
reliable sources including Judo Info and biography book
"He was one of Jigoro Kano’s direct students, and only the 7th man to
receive a 10th Degree Black Belt while he was still alive."
— Judo Info: Profiles of Judo 10th Dan Holders
link
"Kotani can be considered Kano's last direct disciple. (...) Kano often
chose Kotani as a traveling instructor on his teaching tours overseas."
— The Way of Judo A Portrait of Jigoro Kano and His
Studentslink
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Itō Tokugorō
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2 sources
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Well-documented student of Jigoro Kano at Kodokan, mentioned in multiple sources
including Japanese Wikipedia and local historical publications
"中退後は講道館で嘉納治五郎門下となって磯貝一・徳三宝・三船久蔵らと共に柔道に励んだ"
— 伊藤徳五郎 - 日本語版ウィキペディア
link
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Mi
Michigami Haku
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The Michigami memorial site records him joining practices with Jigoro Kano at
the Kodokan in the late 1930s.
"Although he joined practices with Tokyo University, Kodokan, and Master
Jigoro Kano, they did not accept any matches."
— Haku Michigami - Personal History and Mononofu
Serieslinkinfo
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Fukuda Keiko
linkKōdōkan Jūdō
1balance
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While a very popular assertion, more direct proof is needed and Lance
Gatling's analysis stands.
"Keiko Fukuda is the granddaughter of Professor Jigoro Kano's first
jujitsu instructor. She began studying the art at Professor Kano's request
at age 21 and since that time has taught in Australia,Canada, the Philippines,
the U.S. and, of course, the Kodokan where she has received all her promotions
(...) In the Kodokan, sometimes we would sit around the mat with Professor Kano
and just talk and ask questions so we would know what each other was
thinking"
— Johnson, G. (1974): «A single reed that bends
gracefully in the wind.» Black Belt, 12(6):28–33.
link
blockdisputes
"Fukuda sensei devoted her life to judo, but was likely not a 'direct
student' of Kanō shihan in any reasonable sense of the term."
— Was Fukuda Keiko sensei a "direct
student" of Kanō shihan? How did Kanō shihan approach jūdō training for
women?(The Kano Chronicles© 嘉納歴代©)link
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Sarah Mayer
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In September 1934 Kanō Jigorō met with Mayer, devised a training regime for her
and allowed her to practise in the Kodokan main dojo with the men, unprecedented
for a woman; Wikipedia lists him as coach.
"He met with Mayer. According to Mayer, they discussed philosophy, and he
devised a training regime for her... he allowed her to practise in the Kōdōkan
main dojo with the men, which was unprecedented for a woman."
— Callan, Mike; Heffernan, Conor; Spenn, Amanda.
(2018). Women's Jūjutsu and Judo in the Early Twentieth-Century: The Cases
of Phoebe Roberts, Edith Garrud, and Sarah Mayer
linkinfo
Honors (1)
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Title
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Founder of Kodokan judo, recognized as Shihan (master instructor) by virtue of
creating the art
"Rank: Kōdōkan jūdō: Shihan (founder)"
Sources
"Aussi, dès 1928, il a créé la Kobudo Kenkyukaï, section de recherche sur
les arts martiaux traditionnels anciens. Cette section, dont je faisais partie,
regroupait au départ une trentaine de membres, tous champions de judo. Deux fois
par mois, sur la demande de Kano sensei, qui payait les cours, quatre
professeurs du Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto Ryu venaient spécialement de Narita
à Tokyo pour nous enseigner leur art."
— Bénoliel, P.. (1987). Minoru Mochizuki - entretien
(Karaté-Bushido no. 139, septembre 1987, pp. 28-35)info
"C'est Maître Jigoro Kano qui m'a choisi pour aller étudier
l'Aïkijujutsu avec Maître Morihei Ueshiba, et le Shindo Muso ryu Ju jutsu
auprès de Maître Koji Shimizu."
— Garnier Sinclair, Eric. (2005). Minoru Mochizuki,
le dernier des géants - entretien en deux parties
info
Linked data
https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1S1