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  • Funakoshi Gichin

    船越 義珍
    Japan
    b. 1868-10-11, Shuri, OkinawaBorn 1868-10-11, Shuri, Okinawa
    d. 1957-04-26, TokyoDied 1957-04-26, Tokyo
    id_cardfamily_historyconversion_path
    star64.4 · Notable

    Teachers (2)

    • person
      Asato Ankō
      sports_martial_artsShuri-te Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Independent sources state it, including Funakoshi's own account.
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      3 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Independent sources state it, including Funakoshi's own account.
      “Anko Asato (安里 安恒, Asato Ankō, Azato Yasutsune in Japanese, 1827 – 1906) was a Ryūkyūan master of karate. He and Ankō Itosu were the two main karate masters who taught Gichin Funakoshi, the founder of Shotokan karate.”
      — Ankō Asato - Wikipedialink
      visibilityFirst-hand
      ““When I studied under Master Azato, considered to be the greatest karate expert of his time, I was his only student; and when I trained under Master Itosu, he had very few students”
      — Cramer, Mark I.. (2018). The History of Karate and the Masters Who Made It: Development, Lineages, and Philosophies of Traditional Okinawan and Japanese Karate-doinfo
      “Asato and Itosu were among the instructors of Funakoshi Gichin (1868–1957), who in turn was one of the pioneers of karate in Japan.”
      — Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R.. (2010). Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation info
    • Itosu Ankō
      sports_martial_artsShuri-te Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Independent sources state it, including Funakoshi's own account.
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      3 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Independent sources state it, including Funakoshi's own account.
      “Anko Asato (安里 安恒, Asato Ankō, Azato Yasutsune in Japanese, 1827 – 1906) was a Ryūkyūan master of karate. He and Ankō Itosu were the two main karate masters who taught Gichin Funakoshi, the founder of Shotokan karate.”
      — Ankō Asato - Wikipedialink
      visibilityFirst-hand
      ““When I studied under Master Azato, considered to be the greatest karate expert of his time, I was his only student; and when I trained under Master Itosu, he had very few students”
      — Cramer, Mark I.. (2018). The History of Karate and the Masters Who Made It: Development, Lineages, and Philosophies of Traditional Okinawan and Japanese Karate-doinfo
      “Asato and Itosu were among the instructors of Funakoshi Gichin (1868–1957), who in turn was one of the pioneers of karate in Japan.”
      — Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R.. (2010). Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation info

    Lineage

    • Shuri-te Asato Ankō ← Matsumura Sōkon · 2 generations

    Member of (1)

    • corporate_fareKarate Kenkyukai Probable
      Probable
      Single source.
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Single source.
      “This group included Gichin Funakoshi, Chojo Oshiro, Chomo Hanashiro, Chotoku Kyan, Chojun Miyagi, Kenwa Mabuni, Go Ken Ki [Wu Xiangui] (Chinese Master of White Crane Boxing), Kentsu Yabu, Chuhatso [Juhatsu] Kyoda, and Moden Yabiku.”
      — Cramer, Mark I.. (2018). The History of Karate and the Masters Who Made It: Development, Lineages, and Philosophies of Traditional Okinawan and Japanese Karate-doinfo

    Students (13)

    • Mas Oyama
      sports_martial_artsKarate Probable
      Probable
      Wikipedia confirms Oyama studied Shotokan under Gichin Funakoshi at Takushoku University for two years
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      location_onTakushoku University badge (1946–1948)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Wikipedia confirms Oyama studied Shotokan under Gichin Funakoshi at Takushoku University for two years
      “Oyama later attended Takushoku University in Tokyo and was accepted as a student at the dojo of Gichin Funakoshi where he trained for two years.”
      — Wikipedia contributors. (2026). Mas Oyama - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia (English)link history info
    • Choi Hong-hi
      sports_martial_artsShotokan Doubtfulbalance
      Doubtful – conflicting evidence recorded
      Wikipedia reports Choi's claim, but Funakoshi's own attendance and promotion records, checked by scholars, show no occurrence of Choi
      A source makes the claim, but the evidence does not substantiate it.
      (1937–1942)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Wikipedia reports Choi's claim, but Funakoshi's own attendance and promotion records, checked by scholars, show no occurrence of Choi
      “Choi also claimed to have learned Shotokan karate under Funakoshi Gichin”
      — Wikipedia contributors. (2026). Choi Hong-hi. Wikipedia (English)link history info
      blockdisputes search_offNegative
      “At that time, Funakoshi kept accurate records of attendance and promotions, and there have been no occurences found by scholars of Choi in those records.”
      — Jeffries, Andy. (2023). Opinion piece: Choi Hong-hi, founder or fraudsterlink history info
    • Tsutomu Ohshima
      sports_martial_artsShotokan Probable
      Probable
      Ohshima trained directly under Gichin Funakoshi at Waseda University from 1948 to 1953 and was promoted by him; extensively documented
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      (1948–1953)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Ohshima trained directly under Gichin Funakoshi at Waseda University from 1948 to 1953 and was promoted by him; extensively documented
      “Ohshima began studying karate in 1948, while a student at Waseda University. There, he trained under Shotokan's founder, Gichin Funakoshi”
      — Tsutomu Ohshima (Wikipedia EN)link history info
    • Taira Shinken
      sports_martial_artsKarate Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Taira was introduced to Gichin Funakoshi in Tokyo in 1922 and studied karate under him
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      (1922)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Taira was introduced to Gichin Funakoshi in Tokyo in 1922 and studied karate under him
      “introduced to Gichin Funakoshi, a fellow Okinawan and karate instructor”
      — Taira Shinken (Wikipedia EN)link history info
      “Funakoshi Sensei was already well versed in the Bo and the Sai and may have encouraged Taira Sensei in his studies”
      — Shinken Taira - JKR-UKlink
    • person
      Ōtsuka Hironori
      sports_martial_artsKarate Probable
      Probable
      Well documented in the Wado-ryu Wikipedia article: met Funakoshi in 1922, trained under him and was among his first promoted black belts in 1924, assistant instructor in his Shotokan school by 1927
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      (1922)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Well documented in the Wado-ryu Wikipedia article: met Funakoshi in 1922, trained under him and was among his first promoted black belts in 1924, assistant instructor in his Shotokan school by 1927
      “In 1922, he met Gichin Funakoshi and began to train under him.”
      — Wadō-ryū - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia (English) link history info
      “In 1924, Ōtsuka became one of the first students promoted to black belt in karate by Funakoshi.”
      — Wadō-ryū - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia (English) link history info
    • Mochizuki Minoru
      sports_martial_artsKarate Confirmed
      Confirmed
      First-person account in the Karaté-Bushido interview: three months of Gichin Funakoshi's courses in Tokyo, though Mochizuki adds he does not really consider himself Funakoshi's student; corroborated by the Hiroo Mochizuki interview and Black Belt magazine
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      3 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      First-person account in the Karaté-Bushido interview: three months of Gichin Funakoshi's courses in Tokyo, though Mochizuki adds he does not really consider himself Funakoshi's student; corroborated by the Hiroo Mochizuki interview and Black Belt magazine
      visibilityFirst-hand
      “à Tokyo, j'ai suivi pendant 3 mois les cours de Gichin Funakoshi sensei, mais je ne me considère pas réellement comme son élève.”
      — Bénoliel, P.. (1987). Minoru Mochizuki - entretien (Karaté-Bushido no. 139, septembre 1987, pp. 28-35)info
      “Elève de Jigoro Kano, qui l'avait envoyé apprendre l'aïkido auprès de Morihei Ueshiba, Minoru Mochizuki avait aussi travaillé avec Gichin Funakoshi. [...] Mais il se trouvait un peu faible du point de vue des atémis, qu'il avait pourtant étudié avec Funakoshi”
      — (2016). Hiroo Mochizuki: Échapper au conditionnementlink history info
      visibilityFirst-hand
      “Minoru Mochizuki holds the distinction of being the only living man to have studied with aikido founder Morihei Uyeshiba, judo founder Jigoro Kano, and "the father of Japanese karate," Gichin Funakoshi.”
      — A Man of Many Budo (interview with Minoru Mochizuki), Black Belt, Aug 1989.link
    • Masatoshi Nakayama
      sports_martial_artsShotokan Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Multiple sources confirm Nakayama learned karate under Gichin Funakoshi, the founder of Shotokan, at Takushoku University
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      location_onTakushoku University badge (1932–1937)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Multiple sources confirm Nakayama learned karate under Gichin Funakoshi, the founder of Shotokan, at Takushoku University
      “Nakayama entered Takushoku University in 1932 to study Chinese language, and began learning karate under Gichin Funakoshi and his son Yoshitaka (also known as Gigō).”
      — Wikipedia contributors. (2026). Masatoshi Nakayama - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia (English)link history info
      “Upon entering Takushoku University in 1932, Master Nakayama immediately joined the university's karate club, studying under Master Funakoshi Gichin and one of the master's sons, Funakoshi Yoshitaka.”
      — Japan Karate Association. Master Nakayama Masatoshi - Japan Karate Associationlink history info
    • person
      Konishi Yasuhiro
      sports_martial_artsKarate Probable
      Probable
      Japanese Wikipedia states Konishi learned karate from Funakoshi Gichin, meeting him in June 1925
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      location_onKeio University badge (1925)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Japanese Wikipedia states Konishi learned karate from Funakoshi Gichin, meeting him in June 1925
      “1925年(大正14年)6月、船越義珍と出会った事により、ようやく唐手を学ぶ事ができた。”
      — Japanese Wikipedia article on Konishi Yasuhiro link history
      “When he [Konishi] met Funakoshi Gichin in June 1925, he was finally able to learn Karate. However, since its contents was only Kata, together with Ōtsuka Hironori 大塚博紀 (1892–1982, founder of Wadō-ryū Karate-dō and Jūjutsu Kenpō) who was also a disciple of Funakoshi, Konishi began to devise Yakusoku Kumite 約束組手 and the like. Later Konishi studied Karate with Motobu Chōki and Mabuni Kenwa.”
      — Ryukyu Bugei website link
    • Kimura Masahiko
      sports_martial_artsKarate Probable
      Probable
      Kimura's autobiography mentions studying Shorinji-ryu (Shotokan) under Funakoshi Gichin for over 2 years
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Kimura's autobiography mentions studying Shorinji-ryu (Shotokan) under Funakoshi Gichin for over 2 years
      “Later on, I [ed. Kimura] got interested in karate, and learned Shorinji-ryu (Note: today’s Shotokan karate) under the guidance of Master Funakoshi for a little over 2 years.”
      — 'My Judo' by Masahiko Kimura, His Story & Vision in His Own Words Part 1 (BJJ EE)link
    • Hirokazu Kanazawa
      sports_martial_artsShotokan Confirmed
      Confirmed
      Well-documented across multiple sources that Kanazawa learned directly from Gichin Funakoshi, founder of Shotokan, and was one of the last living karateka to have done so
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      Well-documented across multiple sources that Kanazawa learned directly from Gichin Funakoshi, founder of Shotokan, and was one of the last living karateka to have done so
      “Kanazawa also learned from the founder of the Shotokan style, Gichin Funakoshi, and was one of the last living karateka (practitioners of karate) to have done so.”
      — Wikipedia contributors. (2026). Hirokazu Kanazawa - Wikipedia (EN). Wikipedia (English)link history info
      “A direct student of Gichin Funakoshi, the founder of Shotokan karate”
      — Shotokan Karate-Do International Federation. Hirokazu Kanazawa Soke - Shotokan Karate-Do International Federation link history info
    • Hidetaka Nishiyama
      sports_martial_artsShotokan Probable
      Probable
      Nishiyama trained under Gichin Funakoshi at the Shotokan honbu dojo from 1943; extensively documented
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      (1943–1950)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Nishiyama trained under Gichin Funakoshi at the Shotokan honbu dojo from 1943; extensively documented
      “began training in Shotokan karate at the art's honbu dojo (headquarters training hall) under its founder, Gichin Funakoshi.”
      — Hidetaka Nishiyama (Wikipedia EN)link history info
    • Funakoshi Gigō
      sports_martial_artsKarate Probable
      Probable
      Son and student of Gichin Funakoshi, well-documented family relationship
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      (1918)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      Son and student of Gichin Funakoshi, well-documented family relationship
      “He was sickly as a child and began the formal study of karate-do at the age of twelve as a means to improve his health.[4] In the early years, Gichin Funakoshi often took Gigo with him to his trainings with Yasutsune Itosu”
      — Gigō Funakoshi - Wikipedialink
    • Egami Shigeru
      sports_martial_artsKarate Confirmed
      Confirmed
      The Shotokai Encyclopedia and English Wikipedia, two independent sources, both directly state Egami was Funakoshi's student
      The evidence establishes the claim: it is sufficient and consistent, and any conflicting evidence is resolved.
      location_onWaseda University badge (1930)
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      2 sources expand_more
      fact_check
      The Shotokai Encyclopedia and English Wikipedia, two independent sources, both directly state Egami was Funakoshi's student
      “Egami met Master Funakoshi when he was 18 years old, the moment he began studying at the famous Waseda University, there he helped to establish its Karate Do Club. [...] He followed his Master together with Yoshitaka Funakoshi and Takeshi Shimoda all around Japan staging exhibitions, trying to expand the knowledge of Karate-do as a Japanese martial art.”
      — Master Shigeru Egami, O-sensei’s successor (1912-1981) (Shotokai Encyclopedia)link
      “He was a student of Gichin Funakoshi, who is widely recognized as the founder of modern karate.”
      — Shigeru Egami - Wikipedialink history

    Honours (1)

    • receipt_longRenshi (錬士) in karate-jutsu, Dai Nippon Butoku Kai Renshi Probable
      Probable
      The Japanese Wikipedia article cites the Butoku Kai's own register of hanshi, kyoshi and renshi holders (1941) at page 388, and names his son Gikō as co-recipient.
      The evidence favours the claim and nothing credible contradicts it, but it falls short of establishing it.
      Title (1939-07 (昭和14年7月))
      granted by Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society
      fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
      Frederico Muñoz
      Researcher, Martialis
      1 source expand_more
      fact_check
      The Japanese Wikipedia article cites the Butoku Kai's own register of hanshi, kyoshi and renshi holders (1941) at page 388, and names his son Gikō as co-recipient.
      “昭和14年(1939年)7月、大日本武徳會より船越義珍と三男の船越義豪が空手術錬士の称号を受有した”
      — 船越義珍 - Wikipedia (JA). Wikipedia (Japanese) link history info

    Sources

    Gichin Funakoshi - Wikipedialink
    How the masters got their ranks: the origins of karate ranks | Judo Infolink
    visibilityFirst-hand
    Karate-dō : my way of life | WorldCat.orglink
    (1971). Black Belt (magazine), October 1971link info
    Shoshin Nagamine. (1976). Tales of Okinawan Grand Masters (Shoshin Nagamine)info

    Identifiers

    https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1VB
    Wikidata DBpedia

    Cite and reuse

    CC BY-SA 4.0expand_more
    Plain text
    Muñoz, Frederico (YEAR_PLACEHOLDER). Funakoshi Gichin. In Martialis: Martial Arts Lineage Database. https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1VB - CC BY-SA 4.0. Accessed ACCESSED_DATE_PLACEHOLDER.
    BibTeX
    @incollection{martialis_01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1VB, author = {Muñoz, Frederico}, title = {Funakoshi Gichin}, booktitle = {Martialis: Martial Arts Lineage Database}, year = {YEAR_PLACEHOLDER}, url = {https://martial.is/entity/01KJJAWN28MWKKSN4J02MVY1VB}, urldate = {ACCESSED_DATE_PLACEHOLDER}, note = {CC BY-SA 4.0} }
    data_object JSON-LDdata_object Turtle

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