Also known as
Edith Margaret Garrud · Edith Margaret Williams
Description
The first British female teacher of jujutsu and one of the first female
martial arts instructors in the Western world. Born Edith Margaret Williams in
Bath, she trained as a physical culture instructor and met fellow instructor
William Garrud in 1892, marrying him the following year. Introduced to jujutsu
in 1899, she studied under Yukio Tani and Sadakazu Uyenishi at the Bartitsu
School of Arms and continued under Uyenishi at his Golden Square Dojo; when
Uyenishi returned to Japan in 1908 the Garruds took over the dojo, Edith
teaching the women's and children's classes. Around 1909 she opened her
own dojo, the School of Ju-jutsu, at Argyll Place. A member of the Women's
Freedom League from 1906 and head of its Women's Athletic Society from 1908,
she became celebrated for the Suffragettes' Self-Defence Club she ran for
WSPU members and, from 1913, for training the WSPU 'Bodyguard' of around
thirty women who protected Emmeline Pankhurst. She taught and demonstrated in a
signature red jujutsu jacket, published widely on women's self-defence
(including the 1910 essay "The World We Live In" in Votes for Women),
choreographed suffragette theatre, and continued teaching with William until
their retirement in 1925.
Teachers (2)
-
Tani Yukio
sports_martial_artsJūjutsu
Confirmed
fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
3 sources
expand_more
fact_check
Wikipedia states explicitly that the Garruds trained under the jujutsu
instructors Yukio Tani and Sadakazu Uyenishi at the Bartitsu School of Arms and
continued under Uyenishi at Golden Square; corroborated by Brough (2020).
“The Garruds trained under the school's jujutsu instructors Yukio Tani and
Sadakazu Uyenishi [...] After the Bartitsu school closed in 1902, the Garruds
continued training under Uyenishi at his own Golden Square Dojo”
“While training at the Golden Square Dojo the Garruds trained with the best
instructors of the time including Uyenishi, Tani, Taro Miyake, Mitsuyo Maeda,
and Akitaro Ohno”
— Brough, David. (2020). The Golden Square Dojo and
its place in British Jujutsu historylink
history
info
“Garrud and her husband William were originally trained by Uyenishi Sadakazu”
— Callan, Mike; Heffernan, Conor; Spenn, Amanda.
(2018). Women's Jūjutsu and Judo in the Early Twentieth-Century: The Cases
of Phoebe Roberts, Edith Garrud, and Sarah Mayer
link
info
-
Uyenishi Sadakazu
sports_martial_artsJūjutsu
Confirmed
fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
3 sources
expand_more
fact_check
Wikipedia states the Garruds studied under Uyenishi, initially at the Bartitsu
club; Brough (2020) records they were students of Uyenishi and that he passed
control of the Golden Square dojo to them on his departure;
Callan/Heffernan/Spenn state they were originally trained by Uyenishi Sadakazu.
“The Garruds trained under the school's jujutsu instructors Yukio Tani and
Sadakazu Uyenishi [...] After the Bartitsu school closed in 1902, the Garruds
continued training under Uyenishi at his own Golden Square Dojo”
“Husband and wife, William and Edith Garrud, had been students of Uyenishi,
initially at the Bartitsu club, and then at the Golden Square Dojo”
— Brough, David. (2020). The Golden Square Dojo and
its place in British Jujutsu historylink
history
info
“Garrud and her husband William were originally trained by Uyenishi Sadakazu”
— Callan, Mike; Heffernan, Conor; Spenn, Amanda.
(2018). Women's Jūjutsu and Judo in the Early Twentieth-Century: The Cases
of Phoebe Roberts, Edith Garrud, and Sarah Mayer
link
info
Students (4)
-
person
Lillian Dove-Willcox
sports_martial_artsJūjutsu
Possible
(1913–1914)
fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
2 sources
expand_more
fact_check
Implied: member of the Bodyguard that Garrud trained.
alt_routeIndirect
“the Scottish socialist Helen Crawfurd (1877–1974), and the English
hunger-striker Lillian Mary Dove-Wilcox (1875–1963).”
— Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R.. (2010).
Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation
info
alt_routeIndirect
“Lillian Dove-Willcox (1875–1963) was a British suffragette who was a member of
Emmeline Pankhurst's personal bodyguard.”
— Lillian Dove-Willcox - Wikipedia (English).
Wikipedia (English)link
history
info
-
person
Leonora Cohen
sports_martial_artsJūjutsu
Possible
(1913–1914)
fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
2 sources
expand_more
fact_check
Implied: member of the Bodyguard that Garrud trained.
alt_routeIndirect
“It is estimated that there were around twenty-five members of this bodyguard,
to include Canadian-born Gertrude Harding (1878–1952), the English vegetarian
and Theosophist Leonora Cohen (1873–1978”
— Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R.. (2010).
Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation
info
alt_routeIndirect
“Later, Cohen was part of "The Bodyguard" to Mrs Pankhurst.”
— Leonora Cohen - Wikipedia (English). Wikipedia
(English)link
history
info
-
person
Helen Crawfurd
sports_martial_artsJūjutsu
Possible
(1913–1914)
fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
1 source
expand_more
fact_check
Implied: named as a member of the Bodyguard that Garrud trained.
alt_routeIndirect
“the Scottish socialist Helen Crawfurd (1877–1974), and the English
hunger-striker Lillian Mary Dove-Wilcox (1875–1963).”
— Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R.. (2010).
Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation
info
-
person
Gertrude Harding
sports_martial_artsJūjutsu
Possible
(1913–1914)
fact_checkassessed by FSMverified
2 sources
expand_more
fact_check
Implied: head of the Bodyguard that Garrud trained.
alt_routeIndirect
“Of greatest note in her career with the WSPU is that Harding was asked to
'head up' the secret bodyguard of women assigned to protect their
leader, Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst, from constant rearrest by Scotland Yard during
the Cat and Mouse Act. The bodyguard learned jujitsu from Edith Garrud and
carried Indian clubs.”
— Gertrude Harding - Wikipedia (English). Wikipedia
(English)link
history
info
alt_routeIndirect
“It is estimated that there were around twenty-five members of this bodyguard,
to include Canadian-born Gertrude Harding (1878–1952)”
— Green, Thomas A.; Svinth, Joseph R.. (2010).
Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia of History and Innovation
info
Sources
Wolf, Tony; Wolf, Karen. (2013). Edith Garrud: The Suffragette Who Knew
Jujutsuinfo
Identifiers
https://martial.is/entity/01M07J1EESSEPR2TSJWV1FWBG5
Cite and reuse
CC BY-SA 4.0expand_more
Plain text
Muñoz, Frederico (YEAR_PLACEHOLDER). Edith Garrud. In Martialis: Martial Arts
Lineage Database. https://martial.is/entity/01M07J1EESSEPR2TSJWV1FWBG5 - CC
BY-SA 4.0. Accessed ACCESSED_DATE_PLACEHOLDER.
BibTeX
@incollection{martialis_01M07J1EESSEPR2TSJWV1FWBG5, author = {Muñoz, Frederico},
title = {Edith Garrud}, booktitle = {Martialis: Martial Arts Lineage Database},
year = {YEAR_PLACEHOLDER}, url =
{https://martial.is/entity/01M07J1EESSEPR2TSJWV1FWBG5}, urldate =
{ACCESSED_DATE_PLACEHOLDER}, note = {CC BY-SA 4.0} }
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